L. Ron Hubbard (March 13, 1911 - January 24, 1986) was an American author, primarily known for founding Scientology, a controversial religious movement. Born in Tilden, Nebraska, Hubbard showed an early interest in writing and adventure. His childhood included extensive travel due to his father's position in the U.S. Navy, which he later claimed exposed him to a variety of cultures and spiritual philosophies.

Hubbard began his career as a prolific writer of pulp fiction in the 1930s, authoring works in genres such as adventure, science fiction, and fantasy. In 1934, he published his first novel and went on to gain recognition in pulp magazines. His stories often reflected his fascination with the human mind and speculative ideas about existence.

In 1950, Hubbard published *Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health*, which introduced his ideas on the human mind and self-improvement. He argued that the mind comprises two components: the analytical mind, which is rational, and the reactive mind, which stores painful memories called "engrams." Hubbard proposed that clearing these engrams through a process called auditing could lead to a state of mental clarity and freedom called "Clear." Dianetics gained immense popularity, leading to the establishment of the Dianetics movement.

After the decline of the initial Dianetics movement due to financial and organizational challenges, Hubbard expanded his concepts into a religious framework, founding the Church of Scientology in 1953. He described Scientology as both a religion and a science of life, incorporating principles of auditing, spiritual enlightenment, and the belief in past lives. Under Hubbard's leadership, Scientology grew rapidly, establishing centers worldwide and gaining a devoted following.

Hubbard faced significant controversy throughout his career. Critics accused him of fabricating his accomplishments and questioned the legitimacy of Scientology. The U.S. government, particularly the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), scrutinized Hubbard and the Church of Scientology over its tax-exempt status and allegations of financial impropriety. Hubbard himself became increasingly reclusive in the 1970s, living in seclusion aboard a fleet of ships known as the "Sea Org" and later in various secret locations on land.

Despite the controversies, Hubbard continued to write extensively, producing works on Scientology as well as a series of science fiction and fantasy novels, most notably the *Mission Earth* series. He also developed extensive training and organizational materials for the Church of Scientology, which remain central to its practices.

Hubbard passed away on January 24, 1986, in Creston, California, leaving behind a complex and polarizing legacy. While his supporters revere him as a visionary who unlocked the secrets of the mind and spirit, critics view him as a manipulative figure who exploited followers for personal gain. Scientology, under the leadership of David Miscavige, continues to operate globally, adhering to the teachings and organizational structure Hubbard established.

REFERENCE:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard